Additive or Active substance

Active substances are added to base oils in order to achieve properties in the finished product, which are required for commercial lubrication. These additives are not already available in the base oil in order to still enhance positive properties or in order to eliminate unwanted properties or to at least suppress them. You can modify or improve properties through chemical and/or physical effect of lu-bricants, fuels, fuel oils etc. e.g. concerning oxidation stability, EP effect, foam formation, viscosity temperature behavior, solidifying point, liquidity, carburetor icing, intake system fouling, filtrability, ignition qualitys, knocking resistance etc.

Adhesiveness Improver

for strengthening of oil films on metal surfaces through structure viscous properties, combined mostly with increased viscosity adhesion. High-molecular hydrocarbons, high polymer combinations, aluminum soaps and so fourth, should cause an increase of oil inherent cohesion.

Air Separation Properties

especially important for turbine oils and hydraulics liquids; dispersed air pockets in oil can cause trouble e.g. influence compressibility and therefore cause hydraulic systems to fail: DIN 51381; determination of foaming behavior: DIN E 51 566

Aluminium Complex Grease

Lubricating grease with a very good water resistance, flowability, low oil separation, high dropping point (more than 230 °C), EP additives with a high load carrying capacity and an operating temperature range to approx. 160 °C.

Aluminum soap lubricating grease

Lubricating grease based on aluminum soap and mineral oil, good adhesion and good water resistance, low shear stability and a low dropping point of approx. 120 °C.
 

American Society for Testing and Materials

An American society for developing standards for materials and test methods.

Anti Stick Slip Additives

Additives which are added to transmission oils and other lubricants to modify their frictional characteristics and prevent reversed slip (stick-slip) e.g. from guideways to machine tools with slow-moving machine parts.

Antioxidation Properties

Serves for the assessment of the usability of lubricating oils for the application, e.g. for high pressure loads of CLP lubricating oils; the rise of cinematic viscosity in older test components as well as the increase of the precipitation number is measured: DIN 51586; Aging behavior of active substances in steam turbine and hydraulic oils: DIN 51587

Antioxidation Properties

Serves for the assessment of the usability of lubricating oils for the application, e.g. for high pressure loads of CLP lubricating oils; the rise of cinematic viscosity in older test components as well as the increase of the precipitation number is measured: DIN 51586; Aging behavior of active substances in steam turbine and hydraulic oils: DIN 51587

Ash

The organic substance left behind after a complete burning of inorganic components. Mineral residues which results as an oxide (oxide ash) or sulfate (sulfate ash after previous addition of sulphuric acid) while lubricants burn. Sulfate ash only for lubricating oils with metal-organic additives and used lubricating oils, ash from mineral oil: DIN 51575, EN 7, ash from lubricating greases: DIN 51803

ASTM Colour Number

Determination of the colour: DIN ISO 2049 - see colour number

Ball Bearing Grease

Lubricating grease for roller bearings are often lithium saponified lubricating grease as well as sodium soap lubricating grease for special fields of application, e.g. calcium soap lubricating grease is for applications with a very heavy water presence.

Barium Complex Grease

Lubricating grease with good high pressure properties and a good water resistance.

Barium Grease

Lubricating grease based on barium soaps and mineral oils and/or synthetic oils, water resistant and good shear stability, often have a poor low temperature behaviour.

Base Oil

Main component blended in mineral oils and/or synthetic oils and/or compound lubricating oils such as engine oils, gear oils and etc., or in products which contain a lubricating oil fraction e.g. lubricating greases. Type and amount of base oils in a product determine the lubricant properties such as the viscosity temperature behaviour, oxidation stability, responsiveness of the additives, penetration, friction behaviour and etc...

Biologically degredable Lubricants

In accordance with DIN 38412 for the biochemical breakdown of organic chemical combinations through microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa and higher organisms. The biological breakdown (Bio-oxidation) proceeds in different stages of formation from CO2, water, protein cell material and the increase of the microorganisms. On account of the technical requirement criteria and the biological breakdown of appropriately different test methods and the ecotoxicology compatibility, gives three groups for of rapid biodegradable lubricants. These include different polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils and special synthetic esters. These products can be used as a base oil for two stroke oils, chain saw oils, muffler and separation oils, adhesive lubricants, saw frame oils, spray oils, anti-corrosive oils, point lubricants, general lubricating oils, hydraulic oils, lubricating grease and etc.. Biodegradability: DIN E 51828-2 Rapid biodegradable hydraulic oils are defined in accordance with VDMA document 24 568 (requirements) and 24 569 (adaptation guidelines).

Boiling Point

Temperature at which a chemically homogeneous matter boils.

Boundary Friction

is the contact of the pairing of materials which occurs if the lubricating film is broken through or destroyed by the friction process. Friction ratio such as pressure or speed leads to the contact of materials, boundary friction is unavoidable with the starting up and with alternating directions of rotation since a supporting lubricating film must first be built up.

Burning Point

In accordance with DIN ISO 2592, the minimal temperature at which the vapor concentration of a combustible liquid is sufficient to sustain combustion by a flame for over five seconds, Cleveland Open Cup

Calcium Grease

Water resistant lubricating grease; very good sealing grease against water; applicable as cup grease, crank grease, roller grease, hydraulics lubricating grease, axle bearing grease from -20 ° to 70 °C; Calcium soap lubricating greases based on 12-Hydroxystearic acid are usable to approx. 120 °C.

Cloudpoint

The temperature at which a cloud of wax crystals appears in a fluid product under controlled test conditions in accordance with DIN ISO 3015.

Colour Number

Determination of colour scale for petroleum products such as lubricating oils, fuel oils, diesel fuel and paraffin in 16 colour numbers. Identification of colour: DIN ISO 2049, for mineral oil hydrocarbons and similar products. Colour according to: DIN ISO 2049 below colour number 0,5 is the determination of the Sayboldt colour number: DIN 51 411

Colour of Luboil

The colouring of lubricating oils is dependent on origin, refining extent and oxidation. Most blended lubricating oils have a darker colour than neutral oils. Colour has no bearing on the quality characteristics. The determination of the colour is by means of the ASTM-Colorimeter: DIN ISO 2049, Sayboldt colour number: DIN 51 411

Conradson-Test (CCT)

Determination of the amount of carbon residues in accordance with Conradson, intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities. The sample (diesel fuel, fuel oil, lubricating oil, lubricating grease) is burned (charred) in a container with a deficiency of air. Remaining coke is indicated in percentage of the weight-in quantity. In the case of diesel fuels, the Conradson test certifies inferences to inclination for clogging up injectors, with fuel oil for coking of the cutting nozzles and with lubricating oils for the origin of residue formations: DIN 51551

Copper Strip Test

Method for determination to what extent lubricating oils and lubricating greases affect copper corrosion; for mineral oils: DIN 51 759, for lubricating greases: DIN 51 811

Corrosion of Metals

Describes the destruction of materials on account of chemical and electrochemical reactions with elements of the environment.

Danger Risc Class / Hazard Class

Classification of flammable liquids in: Group A: Fluids which do not have a flash point over 100 °C and do not show the qualities of group B with regard to water solubility: Liquids with a flash point under 21 °C: DIN 51755 Hazard class II: Liquids with a flash point from 21 °C to 55 °C: DIN 51755 Hazard class III: Liquids with a flash point of more than 55 °C to 100 °C: DIN 51758 group B: Liquids with a flash point under 21 °C, which dissolve in every every aspect at 15 °C in water OR flammable fluid components which dissolve in every aspect at 15 C° in water. Regulations for combustible liquids for storage, transportation (VbF), identification and etc., must be complied with.

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